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Confidently Ignorant

         We all need to prioritize our values -- placing just a few at the top. The reason to create a values framework in which a select few have primacy is obvious: No one knows everything; in fact, few people know much about anything.
 
         Therefore, when we fashion opinions, we invariably subscribe to positions that fit with those highly prioritized values. Put differently, when we don't have enough information to make an educated decision about a topic, we still take positions; however, we do so based on somewhat of an impulsive reaction to how those positions fit within our pre-existing values — i.e. one chooses saving humans over the "environment generally" if he, oddly, has some pre-existing attachment to the value of human life.
 
         Sure, we may later find out more nuanced information about a subject and realize that our values forced us to misplace our allegiances. But until then, it is better safe than sorry. So the point is, carefully choose that which you value most -- you don't know who your ignorant decisions may ultimately affect. 
Tags: values  
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Legislating morality, a game everyone should play.

         What I see as nothing more than a sophistic talking-point, somehow became a "compelling" argument.  Recently far too many people find persausive the notion that we should not "legislate morality." These people claim that the government should not get involved in something like morality; that's a personal choice -- of course. 

         I guess, then, intellectually consistency is also a personal choice. 

         Do they make similar arguments regarding other moral wrongs like animal abuse or stealing? Maybe we should make them legal so as to not legislate those views on morality. Whether one chooses to engage in either of these should, as the argument goes, be a personal choice as well. 

         Few take this position, however, and herein lies the problem 

         Many believe that something like abortion-on-demand is a greater wrong than stealing or animal abuse. They make the admittedly odd claim that animal rights or property rights are less important than an unborn baby's right to life. Thus, much like others who argue for laws to protect dogs, they wish to persaude the democratic society to make laws that protect the unborn. What are they thinking? Those religious people, always good for a laugh.
Tags: morality  
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Leave the morals to the experts.

         Below, in my post called the "Constitution is not alive -- let alone a leftist," I make a humble yet what seems to me clear case for judicial restraint. In it, I call upon all those involved to embrace a judicial philosophy that reflects an Originalism-type interpretation of the Constitution -- that is, one that is guided by the original meaning of the democratically-instituted words of the Constitution, and not the personal feelings of a few judges.  

         A common response to this line of thinking argues that this merely charges the judiciary with tasks more akin to historians instead of moralists. Either one, this argument claims, is just as problematic and susceptible to personal biases. But, paraphrasing the intellectually anti-intellectual William F. Buckley, I will not insult anyone's intelligence by thinking they actually believe this.
 
         To begin with, the Judges themselves are not the ones actually tasked with uncovering the historical significance of the Constitution's words like "cruel and unusual punishment." They instead rely on the copious amounts of historical texts that they have at their disposal. Thus, they must merely do what they were trained to do: interpret language used by someone else. The only difference between their task and the task of other lawyers is that their "someone else" is not only in a different space, but a different time as well. 

         Whereas, once judges are tasked with determining the morality of a particular law, only vaguely if at all guided by the more ambiguous language of the Constitution, they are entering a completely unfamiliar world. Surely lawyers are not known for their keen understanding of and training in moral issues. 

         Moreover, even if they were an especially moral bunch, one must agree that the morality of certain acts can be seen in many more ways than what words meant historically. To the extent the former is susceptible to personal bias, the latter is more of an objective fact. Hence, they are not, as the detractors claim, equally problematic. What happened just is; whether something is right or wrong depends

         For instance, many people -- even some conservatives -- incorrectly draw comparisons between a case whose “right” was based on the personal moral judgments of the justices, i.e. Roe v. Wade (1973), and a case whose “right” was based on the historical meanings of the words in the Constitution, i.e. D.C. v. Heller (2008). Both of these cases, they argue, pose similar concerns as they both call on the judiciary to decide which policy choices these rights demand or preclude – like parental notification or gun-lock requirements, respectively. 

         To a certain extent, they are right --  once the courts found an ability to second-guess the constitutionality of legislation, they inevitably have to make these types of determinations; and yes, personal biases will not be completely absent. Nevertheless, in one case they have a plethora of historical facts from which to draw guidelines, whereas the other's guidelines must be drawn from whole cloth – based solely on what ideas the particular justices find morally persuasive.

         The ever-changing abortion jurisprudence clearly reflects this truth. In Roe, those particular justices thought moral the strict trimester framework. Then, when the composition of the Court changed, so did the rules. Now it is largely based on what the judges see as posing an “
undue burden” on the “mother.” And since all these guidelines cannot be found in our history or our Constitution, they will undoubtedly continue to change as different justices are appointed for their life-tenures. That is not the case for the right to "keep and bear arms." This right is positively and exhaustively embraced by our history and explicitly mentioned in our Constitution. We do not need -- nor should we want -- any independent moral judgments from the justices.  

         Last, even if we are willing to trust the moral judgments of these nine judges who have little to no democratic accountability, we must be honest with ourselves: that is an oligarchy, not a democracy. "We the people" are not making these moral judgments, whether now or throughout our history, these judges are. Some may think this rule by an elite few is a good thing. Basic democratic principles of self-governance -- principles upon which our great country was founded -- do not.

Tags: courts  
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Karl Marx knows more than the Democrats.

         Even though I am one who rejects leftist thought almost everywhere I find it, it seems pretty clear that poor economic conditions are at least correlated with people committing certain crimes. Yet, it is at least equally clear that poor economic conditions are not the primary cause of a person's choice to break the law. Among other reasons, most poor people are not criminals, a lot of rich people commit crimes (albeit, generally less violent ones) and few robberies, let alone rapes and murders, are committed to obtain basic sustenance items like food or clothing.
        
         So, what does this all mean? It means that we should re-evaluate our efforts to reduce crime.

         Unfortunately, courtesy of Karl Marx, many people still think that economics are the primary determinant of people's choices, including their choice to break the law. Hence, they -- let's call them Bemocrats -- focus too much of the government's efforts on ending economic despair. Generally, this would be great—though, as an aside, it is pretty clear that the government is not the entity that can accomplish this. But under the auspices of fighting crime, it is surely misguided for even the government to make fixing economic issues its primary goal. Instead, we should be focusing our efforts on strengthening people's values.          

         In truth, it is only a lapse in values that causes most people to break the law. This is how poor economic conditions tend a person to commit crimes. Initially, let's take note of the link between economic despair and a person's lack of values: be it that person's failure to value education, family, hard-work, responsibility or the many other values that help a person improve his financial status.

         It is this lack of values that generally places a person in a situation where they must worry about putting food on their plate. And it is then in this position that they are more likely to give in to immoral choices -- choices which, at that weak time, may seem like the easier road to take. Yet, if better values were more strongly held by these unfortunate souls, they may not have given into the temptations in the first place. The majority of poor people that adhere to the law are a strong testament to that. 
         
         Hence, since lapses in values -- not poor economic conditions -- are the primary determinants of people's moral choices, strengthening those values should be society's primary offense against crime. Of course, how to do this is no easy question to answer; where the government should get involved is an ever harder one. But employing incentives like additional tax breaks for married couples, and disincentives like an end to the endless government subsidy of unmarried mothers or harsher punishments for breaking the law, would likely be a good start. It will be hard to hurt.

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The constitution is not alive -- let alone a leftist.

         It may surprise some people to know that "Judicial Review" is not in the constitution. No, this revolutionary ability of the judiciary to invalidate legislation that it finds to conflict with the supreme democratic voice, the Constitution, is not found anywhere in that document. In fact, it was not until more than a decade after the Constitution's ink was dry that Chief Justice Marshall found such an ability in his opinion of Marbury v. Madison (1803). 

         Yet, while the legitimacy of this doctrine was thus questionable from its genesis, since that cloudy day in 1803, judicial review has become an animal wholly different than its predecessor. Now, the legislature is not only bound to the will of the democratic public’s voice laid out in the U.S. Constitution, but it is also bound by the will of nine unelected, life-tenured judges some 220 years later. Democracy can flourish under the first understanding, it cannot under the second.

         There should be no dispute that when a court can "interpret" the democratically-instituted Constitution to mean something wholly different than was originally implied, the democratic voice it embodies means nothing more than what the judges think it should. And if this "interpretation" can then be used to strike down democratic legislation based on nothing more than the personal feelings of a few judges, that amounts to an oligarchy, not a democracy. 

         By asking the judiciary, for example, to evaluate the “evolving standards of decency,” we are in effect giving them the power to replace the will of the democratic public with the will of the unelected judges. Some judges -- without doubt, tenacious champions of democracy -- agree they are not up to such a task and thus,  confine  their rulings to the original meaning of the words in the Constitution. Others, however, cannot resist the temptation of power. And so they have used this power to make policy decisions that effect fundamental changes to our society -- from areas of criminal punishment to social mores to education -- all because they think times have changed, even though, in many cases -- if not most -- the democracy does not. 

         When all is said and done, if one thinks the times have changed, and they live in a democracy, then they must bring that notion to the ballot box. Written laws do not change with the changing of times unless the democracy, through its legislature, changes them. The written Constitution is no exception. So if, for instance, one thinks the establishment clause is not working well enough because irreligious people, due to a mere moment of silence in a public school, are not being respected equally, then lobby this cause before the American people. See if they agree with you. But to say that this is what the Bill of Rights—the democracy’s written voice from 200 years ago—means now, is preposterous. Indeed, the Founder's turned around right after drafting the Bill of Rights and started the congressional session in group-prayer. They likely had no issue with a mere moment of silence.

         Consequently, it makes little sense to view the constitution as a living creature that can change its mind based of course on what nine unelected judges think it should be; indeed, in a democracy this notion of rule by the unelected should be discarded out of hand as such.
  
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"Bleeding hearts" and public policy.

         Who are the "bleeding hearts"? These are the people that give micro examples to make the case for macro issues. Meaning, they try to make a case for some broad societal-policy based not on broad ideas and standards, but on isolated circumstances that merely pull on heart strings. This is a terrible way of devising public policy -- that is, if a person cares at all that the policies they advocate actually effect good.  

         For any law, no matter how just, one can provide a micro situation that makes the case that the macro policy should be discarded. It does this by playing to the emotions of people, distracting them, and casting the otherwise just law in a horrible light. 

         For example, let's take a law that, I think, we can all agree is just: the requirement of teachers who suspect sexual abuse to report that abuse to the proper authorities. Is there anyone that is really going to argue that this is not a just law? However, when a local high school had a sex-scandal, we are provided with a micro example that should, if we follow the advice of the "bleeding hearts," compel us to discard this law.
 
         At this school, a 10th grader had a sexual relationship with a 12th grader. The problem was that the 12th grader was 18 and the 10th grader was not. So the 12th Grader, a football star, was charged with statutory rape. The public outcry could be heard throughout the nation; they demanded that heads roll. So what did the authorities do? They, in accordance with the above notification law, fired and striped the licenses from all the teachers that knew of the illicit relationship but "did nothing." Sounds great. The only problem: it wasn't.
      
         Included in this barrage of firings, unfortunately, was one teacher who only found out about the issue after it had exploded into a scandal. She was fired because she had heard about the relationship at a lunch table when the principal was asking people if they knew anything; and, relying on the fact that the principal was doing something about it, she took no further action. In other words, she didn't contact any authorities to tell them that she had information that would lead her to suspect sexual abuse.
 
         So this innocent woman is now left with no job, no teaching license, and all because she ate lunch at the wrong place at the wrong time. If that is not a reason for a heart to bleed, I don't know what is.
 
         But are there really people out there that would take this outrageous micro example to make a case to discard this otherwise just law that requires teachers to report suspected abuse? I hope not. Yet, far too many people do take equally outrageous micro examples to discard other just laws.

          People want to, for instance, discard the traditional definition of marriage because it is possible that on a micro level a gay person would not be able to visit his loved one at the hospital, after regular visiting hours. The answer to this should not be to radically redefine marriage but to create a statute that allows loved ones to visit their dying partners. Take care of the micro issues in micro ways; don't destroy a fundamental macro institution. This option, however, seems to be lost on those blinded by the demagoguery of "equality" (read: sameness).

         All the same, to not just complain, I offer a line of thinking we can use to combat this distracting and destructive line of thinking. That is, we have to start honestly evaluating situations to see if the micro example's horribleness is really a broad concern. In other words, we must figure out if this micro situation is not just an isolated event that people mention to merely stir up emotions and distract. To be sure, this is no easy task. But the ability to perform these more objective determinations is one of the primary prerequisites to wisdom. So wise up, or get out of the way.

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Is marriage a fundamental right?

Anyone who has ever tried to argue for the preservation of the traditional definition of marriage has probably had to listen to the proclamation that "marriage is a fundamental right" -- a right that you are then claimed to have denied to same-sex couples. So, to answer whether we do in fact have a fundamental right to marriage, we must, as usual, first define the terms we use. If by "marriage" one means that people have a right to love and grow old with whomever they like, then if we do not already have a fundamental right to such aspirations, we should; and in America, for all intents and purposes, we do. Gay and straight people alike are completely free to make whatever religious or personal commitments of love that their heart desires. 

But if by "marriage" one refers to government recognition and encouragement of a couple's relationship, then no right ever existed nor should it. All the same, let's, for argument's sake, assume that couples do in fact have a right to "marriage" and that "marriage" means the right to not just love whomever you like, but to receive government treats as well. In a democracy, "We the People" still need to define who is entitled to get "married." Only they have access to this fundamental right. And as of right now, the democracy has overwhelmingly decided that this only applies to heterosexual couples. 

Yet, for the same-sex special-interest groups, that is rarely if ever enough. Every time they lose at the ballot box, these groups take their cause to the oligarchial courts. These activist judges then make use of the vaguer language from decisions like Loving v. Virginia (1967) to make the case that the government must encourage all types of relationships in the same exact way. That is to say, they argue that marriage is a fundamental right and thus denying marriage to same-sex couples violates the constitution. 

These courts then order the democracy to change the law to how they see fit. Nevertheless, even on their own constitutionally-delusional terms, to do so they must necessarily extend the definition of "marriage" to include same-sex relationships. Without such an extension, the fundamental-right status – the status they use as a sword to pierce the democracy -- disappears; only "marriage" is a fundamental right.

So why do people not have an issue with the courts taking these radical steps? It is likely because, unfortunately, this sleight of hand fools far too many otherwise intelligent people.  

Maybe an example will help: "Parents" also have a fundamental right. Theirs is the basic right to dictate the way their kids are raised. However, if you went to your neighbor's house and declared you --  not just the father and mother -- have a fundamental right to dictate their kid's upbringing, I hope you agree, you would be nuts. This would be true even if you paraded in the streets with a bunch of rainbows and leather, screaming that the definition of "parents" has "progressed" and now includes neighbors as well. Neighbors, according to the definition agreed to by society, have no fundamental right; surely most would agree that the courts have no authority to extend the definition of "parents" to give neighbors that right, right? 

So, too, there is no fundamental right for anyone, in any situation, to get legally married. They must meet society's definition of "marriage," which is now just a man and woman. Of course, one can try to persuade society to change that through democratic channels.  Until that occurs, however, the constitution and of course, the courts, have nothing to say about the issue. But that doesn't stop them. Too bad, democracy was good while it lasted. 

Tags: Marraige  
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